{"id":1456,"date":"2023-08-23T07:31:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-23T07:31:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.uantwerpen.be\/global-pen-friends\/?p=1456"},"modified":"2023-08-30T08:26:15","modified_gmt":"2023-08-30T08:26:15","slug":"female-participation-in-local-politics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.uantwerpen.be\/global-pen-friends\/female-participation-in-local-politics\/","title":{"rendered":"Female participation in local politics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>This is an exchange between Myrthe Vanderzeypen from Belgium and A from Nicaragua. For security reasons, the name of the student from Nicaragua was anonymised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color has-background\">Letter 1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dear A,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although Belgium may be a small country, our political system, and the way we identify ourselves can be very complicated. Our small country counts 3 official languages (German, Dutch and French) and 6 governments. This results in an overlap of different identities. First of all, there\u2019s a national one which break all the linguistic separations. Overall, I think Belgians don\u2019t have strong national feelings, compared to other countries more in central-Europe for example. There\u2019s always one time in a year that this feeling is really strong and funny enough that\u2019s not on our national holiday or something, but during the world cup of football\u2026 I guess the people who identify themselves more with their national identity are the inhabitants of the capital of Brussels. This has to do with Brussels separate system apart from the French part (Wallonia, includes the small German community as well) and the Flemish one (Flanders). The Brussels region has its own multilingual system of which I think, contributes to the fact that they\u2019re more often to see themselves within this multilingual nation identity. People in Wallonia often identify themselves with their Belgian but French Identity. When it comes to international relations, this part of Belgium looks at what happens in neighboring France. The Flemish part (where I\u2019m from) has less a national identity and more a Flemish one. This results in things as names of TV-shows. While in the French part shows as \u2018the voice\u2019 are called \u2018the voice Belgique\u2019 (translated as \u201cthe voice of Belgium\u201d) while in Flanders they have their own show of the voice which is called \u2018the voice van Vlaanderen\u2019 (The voice of Flanders). The German part, which is very small, is more recent when looking at the long term. I became a part of Belgium after the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> World War. They don\u2019t have a strong cultural identity like the French, or the Dutch have. They live in the small areas in the east of Belgium, near the German Border. Most of the time they blend in with the French part. They do have a small government, of 4 ministers and 1 prime minister, which can discuss person and cultural related things such as sports, education, and health care. When it comes to land-based thing as environment and economics, they blend in with the Walloon government. In Brussels it\u2019s more complicated and it depends on the language (Dutch of French) that you speak, but that would take us way too far down. I admit that this, not so small, introduction to our very complex political system can be a lot to understand at first. Because of that I\u2019ve put a map of Belgium with its different languages per region all the way to the bottom of this letter.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When discussing the participation of woman, I want to make clear for you that I\u2019m only going to speak about the National and Flemish governments because I personally know too little about the others. From its start in 1830 Belgium was seen as a very liberal country. I feel like when it comes to things as gender, whether it is within or without politics, that\u2019s still the case. Belgium was for example the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> country, after The Netherlands, in the world to allow same sex marriages in 2003. Although there is a wage gap between woman and men, due to things as career choice, I feel like every part of our society is open to woman. I don\u2019t feel like there are any boundaries for woman in Belgian politics.&nbsp; I do know that it\u2019s obligated for the voting list to include as many women and men on it. I get where this law comes from, but I don\u2019t think things will change now when they would abolish this law. I feel like People are just getting elected for their skills and not because of their gender in Belgium. In our federal government we even have one transgender minister, this is a first for Belgium as for the whole European Union. I don\u2019t seem like this minister is coming across any boundaries for that, she\u2019s treated like any other minister in the government. I feel that in our current government the division between men and women is around 50-50%. I do think that It\u2019s harder for women to start with a political career because women are usually still more likely to stay home to look after the children and the household. In Belgium I don\u2019t feel like were that traditional on that, women almost all go to work just like men. However, I feel like it\u2019s still more important for women to combine their job with childcare and household related tasks. One they choose a career in politics, I don\u2019t think there are any boundaries for them. I do think that the step to start a career that requires giving up a lot of free time, such as politics, is way bigger for women then for men.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When talking about this family \u2013 work combination in politics, we have a female minister of education and sports in the Flemish government who openly talked about this. I know she tries to separate work and home because in that way she can better let go of her work and focus on her family when she&#8217;s at home. For example, she sets clear boundaries between her work and personal life, such as not checking her email or taking work calls after a certain time in the evening. By doing this, she can fully enjoy her time with her family without being distracted or overwhelmed by work-related issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019m looking forward to hear more about how these things go in your country! Do you feel like women have to cross large boundaries in order to be able to participate in politics? Are there any legal or institutional frameworks to stimulate women\u2019s participation in Nicaragua? And do women in politics openly talk about the issues they face?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I am curiously waiting on your response!&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Best wishes,&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Myrthe&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/TIhD0UhH-BdVcmKU8BHLKrGVAaqZnfj4OGEJ8ZbJHz6JLsVkNncxxcmxXzVwqWupnI6MDZQAEg19abFpwqYOQFI11L6-d_E8O1GIkOHfaX6jhSseQM1_x-NNTSO8lzZQCR1Z34k4Pt9xO75w7UhMqg\" alt=\"Map of Belgium with the linguistic regions | Download Scientific Diagram\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">Letter 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a1Hola Myrthe!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mi nombre es A, actualmente estudio el tercer a\u00f1o de psicolog\u00eda en la Universidad Centroamericana (UCA) y me fascina hablar y concientizar sobre la lucha constante que muchas mujeres (incluy\u00e9ndome) vivimos d\u00eda a d\u00eda, del impacto que esta ha generado y de los pocos pero grandes avances que se han logrado tanto en el \u00e1mbito pol\u00edtico de mi pa\u00eds, como en la sociedad de Latinoam\u00e9rica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Me parece incre\u00edble la diversidad de idiomas y culturas que te rodean y c\u00f3mo pueden influir en los ciudadanos de manera distinta, ya que cada uno de los gobiernos y ministros se forman en conjunto para cubrir necesidades como las personales, culturales, deportivas, educacionales, de higiene, ambientales y econ\u00f3micas, lo que me lleva a pensar que las personas que est\u00e1n en puestos p\u00fablicos son tanto hombres como mujeres.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wow, que bonito que B\u00e9lgica sea un pa\u00eds inclusive y no le niegue el derecho a la mujer de ser libre y de participar en la pol\u00edtica, tambi\u00e9n me parece muy ingenioso que sea obligatorio el n\u00famero de mujeres y hombres en la lista electoral. Que grandioso es saber que se reconocen las capacidades de las personas y no por tener alg\u00fan contacto con gran poder o por ser de cierto g\u00e9nero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ciertamente las carreras pol\u00edticas requieren de mucho tiempo, algo que no todas las personas, en este caso, las mujeres se pueden dar el lujo de enfocarse al cien por ciento en su carrera, sino que tienen que hacer un balance entre su vida profesional y personal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A diferencia de B\u00e9lgica, Nicaragua tiene mucho que progresar en cuanto a la participaci\u00f3n de la mujer en la pol\u00edtica, las brechas de desigualdad, no promueven los movimientos femeninos, refuerzan el papel de que la mujer debe ser esposa y les quitan toda posibilidad de que las mujeres transformen su realidad familiar, social y comunitaria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En 1990, una mujer ocup\u00f3 el puesto presidencial y jug\u00f3 un papel importante en la pol\u00edtica, ya que, si bien otras mujeres hab\u00edan ocupado puestos presidenciales en Latinoam\u00e9rica, Chamorro fue la primera elegida en unos comicios. Aunque hoy en dia ella est\u00e1 retirada de la pol\u00edtica, existen otras mujeres como Maria Teresa Blandon, que se dedico a la defensa de los derechos de la mujer, Vilma Nunez que fue la presidenta del centro de los derechos humanos, sin embargo, Daniel Ortega, quien es el presidente de Nicaragua desde hace m\u00e1s de 25 a\u00f1os, despoj\u00f3 de su nacionalidad a Vilma en febrero de este mismo a\u00f1o por no estar de acuerdo a su pol\u00edtica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En este pa\u00eds, tanto el presidente como su esposa, Rosario Murillo, quien es considerada la mujer con m\u00e1s poder, niegan la libertad de expresi\u00f3n, el derecho al matrimonio igualitario, al aborto legal y someten a las marcos institucionales de la mujer a su pol\u00edtica de tolerancia a la violencia machista. Tambi\u00e9n, cabe destacar que existe una ley donde se habla de la participaci\u00f3n de la mujer en un 50 por ciento de las candidaturas, pero realmente no se le da la importancia a la mujer ni se cumplen las leyes como deber\u00eda de ser. Y si no est\u00e1s de acuerdo con esto te pueden expulsar del pa\u00eds o robar tus propiedades e incluso mandarte represalias.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Es una situaci\u00f3n muy triste y hasta cierto punto denigrante, porque ninguna mujer deber\u00eda de tener miedo de ser silenciadas o tendr\u00eda que verse obligada a ser familia o poseer un contacto de poder para poder salir adelante y que tenga mejores oportunidades. No es justo que las mujeres se vean obligadas a ser totalmente controladas y a que se rigen por el gobierno Ortega-Murillo para poder obtener un puesto p\u00fablico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Est\u00e1 dem\u00e1s decir que las mujeres de este pa\u00eds no estamos presentes en la toma de decisiones y en la formulaci\u00f3n de las pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas, por lo que quisiera saber si en tu pa\u00eds, B\u00e9lgica, existe alg\u00fan tipo de actividad o campa\u00f1a para eliminar la brecha salarial y as\u00ed alcanzar un mundo (o pa\u00eds en este caso), libre de discriminacion de g\u00e9nero, en el cual se ejerza y se cumplan los derechos de las mujeres?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si en alg\u00fan caso se presenta una situaci\u00f3n donde la democracia todav\u00eda no refleje la paridad entre los g\u00e9neros, \u00bftienen alguna instituci\u00f3n de la mujer para solicitar ayuda?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Agradezco tus aportes y ans\u00edo tu respuesta,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color has-background\">Letter 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dear A,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I really appreciate all your input and effort in this project! It\u2019s amazing to be able to build bridges with people from other communities and continent. This makes you think differently about the everyday things in your own country and makes it possible to put things in perspective!&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019ve read in your letter that the government seems to promote the role of woman as being mothers and housewives. How does this translate into practice? I\u2019m thinking about campaigns on television, bonusses for women who stay home with their kids, \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What I found interesting it that it seems like one individual has a lot of political power in your country. Like you gave me the examples of Daniel Ortega taking Vilma Nunez\u2019 nationality, it seems like he has all the power in himself to do so. It seems the same with the consequences you give of not agreeing with the main political opinion as a female politician. So the personality of a politician seems to play a very import role in your country or am I being mistaken? I\u2019m also wondering whether there is a legal framework to divide political power over more than one man? In Belgium I don\u2019t think we have that problem because of how fragmentated our political climate is, so at least there\u2019s one advantage to that.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another thing that I found remarkable from your letter it the abortion issue. I found it really interesting that this freedom seems to be under pressure more all over the America\u2019s since there\u2019s also a huge debate about this in the United States. Does the Nicaraguan politics look towards other American countries like the US? Belgian politics is very much influenced by French, Dutch and European politics in general, so I\u2019m very curious how these political connections are in your region.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I know there\u2019s a wage gap in Belgium as well, I looked up numbers and the gap in Belgium is relatively small. Belgium&#8217;s gap of 7.6% is lower than the European Union average of 14.1%. However, it is higher than some countries such as Sweden (where the gap is 5.9%), Denmark (6.8%), and France (7.2%). On the other hand, Belgium&#8217;s gender pay gap is lower than the United States (where the gap is 18.7%) and Japan (24.5%). I feel like in Belgium the gap can be explained based on indirect reason correlated with being female. Women and men often work in different occupations, with women being overrepresented in lower-paid fields such as education, healthcare, and social work. Female workers are also more likely than men to work part-time, to be able to take care of the household and kids. Unless Belgium is relatively gender equal, these kinds of responsibilities are still attributed to women. Furthermore, women may be less likely than men to negotiate their salaries or to ask for pay rises, which can contribute to lower earnings. The previous causes can be seen as things women might, in theory of course, choose themselves. However, I think that there\u2019s still other kinds of a causes female workers don\u2019t choose. They are still more likely to face discrimination in hiring, promotion, and pay, because of things that are still automatically related to women in the minds of employers. When a woman enters a job interview, one of the first questions will always be: \u201cDo you have children, or do you want children?\u201d. When the answer is \u201cYes\u201d they assume that within the next years you\u2019re going to stay home for the kids. This makes that they are less likely to hire you for the job because a female worker is assumed to bring more uncertainty in the long term then a male one. I guess this, in combination with other household related responsibilities, is the reason why women have less access to senior leadership roles, unfortunately it are these jobs that pay better\u2026 So overall, I feel like the gender pay gap in Belgium is the result of a complex interplay of factors, including societal expectations, workplace practices, and individual choices.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, there are some problems right now who could indirectly mean an increase of the gap. Firstly, there is a significant shortage of available childcare places, with many parents struggling to find a suitable option for their child. This has resulted in long waiting lists for popular daycare centers and a lack of availability of before and after-school care. Secondly, the cost of childcare is high, and the government subsidies that are available do not cover the full cost for many families. This has resulted in a situation where some parents cannot afford to work due to the cost of childcare. Finally, the quality of childcare in some centers has been criticized, with concerns raised over staff ratios, training, and facilities. There were some incidents in some daycares. In November 2021, a 6-month-old baby girl was seriously injured in a daycare center and later died in the hospital due to her injuries. The daycare center was immediately closed by the local authorities. The incident caused widespread shock and sadness which has also sparked a discussion about the safety and quality of childcare in Flanders and has highlighted the importance of ensuring that children are safe and well-cared for while in daycare centers. This led to more inspections, but on other hand more daycares needed to close which only grew the problem for parents. The Flemish government has recognized these problems and has taken steps to address them, such as increasing subsidies for childcare and implementing measures to improve the quality of care. However, there is still much work to be done to ensure that all families have access to affordable, high-quality childcare options. as long as a lasting solution is not provided, mothers feel more and more obligated to stay home of work part-time in order to find a solution.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whenever you feel discriminated, in each proportion, there\u2019s a center specially for equal chances (concerning age, (immigration) background, gender, \u2026). When you want more specific help as female, there are multiple alternatives who specially promote women&#8217;s rights and gender equality. Are there any institutions in Nicaragua like this?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like the problematic situation concerning daycares indicates, It is very normal in Belgium to send your kids to daycare before they\u2019ve reached the age (2,5 \u2013 3 years old) to go to kindergarten. This makes it possible, for now, for mothers to go to work as well. How is Childcare organized in your country? Do you feel like it influences women\u2019s choice whether or not to go to work?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I also have another question for you concerning the diversity within politics. I know in almost all Latin-American countries the political leaders are what is historically referred to as \u201ccriollos\u201d. So I was wondering, are there any native\/indigenous members in politics in Nicaragua, or further in the region? If not, what are the struggles they face?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019m already looking forward to your response!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With love,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Myrthe Vanderzeypen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">Letter 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a1Hola Myrthe!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Un gusto volver a escribirte y leer tu carta, me result\u00f3 muy valiosa la informaci\u00f3n que compartiste conmigo y me encantar\u00eda seguir aprendiendo de tu experiencia y conocimientos sobre c\u00f3mo se conlleva el rol de la mujer en la pol\u00edtica de tu pa\u00eds.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lo que me has dicho del sistema pol\u00edtico de B\u00e9lgica es muy distinto al de Nicaragua, podr\u00eda decir que son polos opuestos.&nbsp; Aqu\u00ed promueven el mensaje que la mujer debe de estar en la cocina y cuidando a sus hijos, por ejemplo, con el d\u00eda de las madres los equipos electrodom\u00e9sticos est\u00e1n en ofertas, de igual forma los coches para los beb\u00e9s, dando a entender que la mujer se hizo para trabajar en la casa y cuidar a los hijos, no se le ve como una mujer independiente y capaz de si misma.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahora, respondiendo la pregunta de si la personalidad del pol\u00edtico juega un papel importante en el pa\u00eds, mi opini\u00f3n es que si influye en gran medida porque puede influir en la percepci\u00f3n p\u00fablica del gobierno, su capacidad para liderar y tomar decisiones efectivas, y su capacidad para trabajar con otros l\u00edderes. Por ejemplo, si el pol\u00edtico es fr\u00edo puede ser percibido como poco accesible y r\u00edgido.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alguien que dirige un pa\u00eds y carece de autoconciencia, transparencia racional, no reduce sus sesgos y no establece relaciones \u00e9ticas con las dem\u00e1s personas como ocurre en Nicaragua nos trae falta de integridad, abuso de poder y\/o abandono de sus funciones, es decir, se limita a representar a su pa\u00eds de la manera m\u00e1s efectiva posible.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Asimismo, no contamos con un marco legal para dividir el poder pol\u00edtico entre m\u00e1s de un hombre, ya que modifican la constituci\u00f3n y leyes electorales a su favor, como lo es con los resultados de las votaciones electorales para presidente y vicepresidente, donde ganan los que obtengan al menos el 40% de los votos v\u00e1lidos, pero si no llegan a ese porcentaje y obtienen un m\u00ednimo del 35% de los votos v\u00e1lidos pueden ganar el primer puesto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n, han asegurado que se est\u00e1 aplicando el principio de equidad de g\u00e9nero en los puestos del sistema gubernamental, al tener el 50% miembros mujeres y 50% hombres, cuando la realidad es otra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La pol\u00edtica nicarag\u00fcense no se ve influenciada por pa\u00edses americanos como Estados Unidos, ya que por producto de la revoluci\u00f3n se vieron influenciados por el modelo cubano, pero fueron adaptando sus propias caracter\u00edsticas, porque por un lado est\u00e1n las pol\u00edticas de equidad social pero por otro lado tambi\u00e9n influye Estados Unidos con sus ideas capitalistas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Con respecto a la brecha salarial, en Nicaragua es un problema de notoria vigencia ya que en el a\u00f1o 2021 era del 16%. En un estudio realizado reflejaron que el promedio de horas que trabaja una mujer representa el 75% del promedio de horas trabajadas por un hombre, esto se debe a que las mujeres se ven en la obligaci\u00f3n de realizar tareas en la casa que no son remuneradas, ya que el convertirse en mam\u00e1 tiene un efecto significativo en sus ingresos, representando una reducci\u00f3n de alrededor del 15%, mientras que ser pap\u00e1 no tiene un impacto en sus ingresos, lo cual aumenta la brecha salarial ya existente. Por lo que mencionaste de la brecha salarial en B\u00e9lgica y todo el sistema patriarcal que la mujer tiene que atravesar para lograr un trabajo y salario digno, tristemente tambi\u00e9n ocurre en Nicaragua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El machismo impacta de manera trascendental la vida de la mujer, por lo que enfrentan grandes desventajas en el \u00e1rea laboral y en la mayor\u00eda de los casos tienen que optar por un trabajo con flexibilidad de horario y no tienen la oportunidad de ascender a un trabajo de mayor salario y de m\u00e1s prestigio.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Que feo la situaci\u00f3n de las guarder\u00edas y la crisis que est\u00e1n pasando los padres, no imagino la frustraci\u00f3n e incertidumbre de ambas partes, porque ahora m\u00e1s que nunca las mam\u00e1s se ven obligadas a dejar sus trabajos y adaptarse al cuido de sus hijos. Espero que el gobierno flamenco de una respuesta mediante la cual garantice que todas las familias tengan acceso a diversas guarder\u00edas y que estas tengan los cuidados necesarios.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En Nicaragua las guarder\u00edas no son tan comunes y no todas las familias tienen acceso a ellas, por lo que, los padres tienen que buscar ni\u00f1eras de confianza para que puedan ir a trabajar. Por este lado siento que a\u00fan falta mucho por trabajar y se le tiene que dar importancia a este tema, ya que no hay tantas opciones y las mam\u00e1s tienen que ajustar su horario de trabajo para cuidar de sus hijos.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En base a las instituciones que promueven los derechos de la mujer y la igualdad de g\u00e9nero, se encuentran:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>El Instituto Nicarag\u00fcense de la Mujer (INIM), que erradica toda discriminacion hacia las mujeres y est\u00e1 comprometida al liderazgo y empoderamiento de las mujeres.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El Proyecto Miriam, donde ayudan a mujeres de escasos recursos para que puedan profesionalizarse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fondo de Poblaci\u00f3n de las Naciones Unidas (UNFPA), quienes apoyan firmemente el avance de las mujeres nicarag\u00fcenses para alcanzar la equidad de g\u00e9nero.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Existen ciertas organizaciones que promueven los derechos de la mujer, sin embargo, en nuestro pa\u00eds surgen obst\u00e1culos como las problem\u00e1ticas socio-pol\u00edticas, hay falta de recursos y de apoyo econ\u00f3mico y psicol\u00f3gico.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Respondiendo la pregunta sobre si hay miembros ind\u00edgenas en el sistema pol\u00edtico de Nicaragua, estuve investigando y si hay un partido pol\u00edtico indigena llamado \u201cYatama\u201d, que representan las comunidades del Caribe, en especial los Miskitos. En el a\u00f1o 2000, se les neg\u00f3 la posibilidad de participar en elecciones, pero en el 2005, la Comisi\u00f3n Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH), decidi\u00f3 a favor del partido \u201cYatama\u201d, asegurando la participaci\u00f3n de los miembros de comunidades ind\u00edgenas en los procesos electorales, de manera efectiva, tomando en cuenta sus tradiciones, usos, costumbres y respetando sus tierras.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Espero que te haya aclarado tus dudas, aprecio que me informes sobre las problem\u00e1ticas de B\u00e9lgica y tanto en tu pa\u00eds como en Nicaragua, considero que aun falta muchas cosas por trabajar porque no podemos tolerar una situaci\u00f3n donde la democracia todav\u00eda no refleja la paridad entre los g\u00e9neros.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Con cari\u00f1o,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This is an exchange between Myrthe Vanderzeypen from Belgium and A from Nicaragua. 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